Data Types and Variables
| Data Warehouse | Data Lake |
|---|---|
| Structured Data | Unstructured Data |
| Organized Data | Data is not organized |
| Non-operational Data | Non-operational Data |
| Schema-on-write | Schema-on-read |
ipynb file.%cd drive # change to the drive folder
%cd MyDrive # change to the MyDrive folder
%cd 'Colab Notebooks' # change to the Colab Notebooks folder
with open('./data/somefile.csv', 'r') as f: # open file in the data folder
print(f.read())string = "Hello, World!"
print("numeric:", 3 + 3)
print("string:", "something " + "and another thing")
print("Float:", float(3) + float(3))
print("Integer:", int(3.0) + int(3.0))
print("String:", str(3.0) + str(3.0))numeric: 6
string: something and another thing
Float: 6.0
Integer: 6
String: 3.03.0# A list is written with square brackets.
# We can create a list in two ways:
# the inferred way
list1 = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
# and the explicit way, using the list() constructor to make a List.
list2 = list(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
print("list1: ", list1)
print("list2: ", list2)
print(f"turn into a string: {' / '.join(list1)}")list1: ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
list2: ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']
turn into a string: apple / banana / cherry# A tuple is written with round brackets.
# We can create a tuple in two ways:
# the inferred way
tuple1 = ("apple", "banana", "cherry")
# and the explicit way, using the tuple() constructor to make a tuple.
tuple2 = tuple(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
print(f"tuple1: {tuple1}")
print(f"tuple2: {tuple2}")tuple1: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry')
tuple2: ('apple', 'banana', 'cherry')# A set is written with curly brackets.
# We can create a set in two ways:
# the inferred way
set1 = {"apple", "banana", "cherry"}
# and the explicit way, using the set() constructor to make a set.
set2 = set(("apple", "banana", "cherry"))
print(f"set1: {set1}")
print(f"set2: {set2}")set1: {'banana', 'apple', 'cherry'}
set2: {'banana', 'apple', 'cherry'}{key: value, key1: "value", key2: value}{"name": "John", "age": 36, "country": "Norway"}# A dictionary is written with curly brackets, and they have keys and values.
# We can create a dictionary in two ways:
# the inferred way
dict1 = {"brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964}
# and the explicit way.
dict2 = dict(brand="Ford", model="Mustang", year=1964)
print(f"dict1: {dict1}")
print(f"dict2: {dict2['brand']}")dict1: {'brand': 'Ford', 'model': 'Mustang', 'year': 1964}
dict2: Ford# for demonstration purposes only
import unicodedata
class MyStr:
def __init__(self, string):
self.value = string
self.help = (
"This is a class that takes a string and returns a lowercase version of it."
)
def to_lower(self):
if not self.value:
return ""
new_value = ""
for i in self.value:
new_value += (
unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", i)
.encode("ASCII", "ignore")
.decode("ASCII")
.lower()
)
return new_value
a = MyStr("Hello, World!")
print(f"value of a: {a.value}")
print(f"help: {a.help}")
print(f"lowercase value of a: {a.to_lower()}") value of a: Hello, World!
help: This is a class that takes a string and returns a lowercase version of it.
lowercase value of a: hello, world!a = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
a.append("orange")
a.remove("banana")
print(a)
b = a.pop()
print(f"pop: {b}")
print(f"first index: {a[0]}")
print("last index:", a[-1])
print("between index 1 and 3:", a[0:])
a.pop()
print(f"after popping: {a}")['apple', 'cherry', 'orange']
pop: orange
first index: apple
last index: cherry
between index 1 and 3: ['apple', 'cherry']
after popping: ['apple']a = {"brand": "Ford", "model": "Mustang", "year": 1964}
print(a)
print(a.keys())
print(a.values())
print(a.items())
print(a.get("brand"))
print(a["brand"]){'brand': 'Ford', 'model': 'Mustang', 'year': 1964}
dict_keys(['brand', 'model', 'year'])
dict_values(['Ford', 'Mustang', 1964])
dict_items([('brand', 'Ford'), ('model', 'Mustang'), ('year', 1964)])
Ford
Ford| Math | Description |
|---|---|
| + | Addition |
| - | Subtraction |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| % | Modulus: remainder of first number divided by second |
| ** | Exponentiation: first number to the power of second |
| // | Floor Division: quotient of the division, rounded down |
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